Dyslipidemia is a common and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, hypertension and diabetes. It is observed that dyslipidemia is more prevalent in South East Asian countries like Pakistan.
The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and pattern of lipid abnormalities among adults aged 20 years or more from Pakistan using NDSP 2016-2017 data (February 2016-August 2017). A multi stage stratified sampling technique was used for population stratification based on rural and urban domains of Pakistan.
Cholesterol
Cholesterol is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is also associated with type 2 diabetes and stroke. Hence, lipid medicine is an important and effective preventive measure against CVD and other associated risk factors.
There are several factors that are known to increase the risk of dyslipidemia including obesity, family history of diabetes, high systolic blood pressure and low HDL levels. The risk of dyslipidemia can be lowered by lifestyle interventions such as diet and exercise. Moreover, lipid lowering drugs such as statins are effective in decreasing cholesterol levels and may be prescribed as a primary or secondary treatment to reduce the risk of CVD.
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of lipid abnormalities amongst the Pakistani population using a community based national survey. A total of 10,834 participants aged 20 years and above were recruited in the study with a multistage stratified sampling method across urban and rural areas of all four provinces of Pakistan as per the latest census.
Results showed that the weighted prevalence of dyslipidemia was 98.1% in known and newly diagnosed diabetics, 97.3% in pre-diabetics and 95.2% in non-diabetics. There was a significant association between WHR, BMI, systolic blood pressure and lipid abnormalities.
The results suggest that dyslipidemia is a prevalent and largely modifiable risk castrol ka desi ilaj. It can be effectively managed with a combination of lifestyle interventions and lipid lowering medication.
LDL
Cholesterol is an important component of the lipids that are responsible for the blood fats in the body. It is a potent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension and stroke. High cholesterol levels are caused by an overproduction of cholesterol in the liver, which can lead to a fatty buildup inside artery walls.
The best medicine to reduce cholesterol is a combination of diet, exercise and appropriate lipid-lowering drugs. Statins (such as atorvastatin, Pravastatin etc) are the most commonly prescribed medications to treat high cholesterol. Other medicines may include fish oil (Omega-3 fatty acid supplements) and antihypertensive medication to lower high blood pressure.
Various studies have shown that Pakistani citizens suffer from high rates of dyslipidemia. The prevalence of lipid abnormalities such as high total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides and low HDL are significantly higher in urban areas as compared to rural regions, with the highest rates in the provinces of Punjab and Sindh.
Dyslipidemia has been associated with obesity, hypertension, family history of diabetes and lifestyle adversity. It is also known to be a major risk factor for CVD, which leads to a large number of deaths and morbidity in the country. It is imperative to understand the prevalence of dyslipidemia and to implement early screening and effective management through appropriate lipid lowering medicine to prevent this disease.
HDL
Aside from triglycerides, HDL cholesterol is the holy grail of lipid analysis. This is because high levels of HDL cholesterol are correlated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease and stroke.
The good news is that the HDL cholesterol molecule can be broken down into smaller components, making it cholesterol kam karne ki desi dawa. This may be achieved by taking statins or a combination of other drugs.
However, many people in the developing world do not have access to these medications and are often left with no choice but to turn to over-the-counter meds. This may result in serious side effects or even worse, death.
For this reason, the development of new and innovative cholesterol medicine is an ongoing effort to help improve the health and quality of life of the general population. The latest innovation is the use of nanotechnology to make lipid-lowering medicines in a more potent form. The technology is still at its infancy, but it has already led to a decrease in the incidence of coronary heart disease in some patients. In the long run, this may save lives and reduce medical costs. The most important step is to educate people about the importance of a healthy lifestyle and to be aware of their individual risks.
Triglycerides
Triglycerides are a type of fat that occur naturally in your body, but they can be elevated in the blood as a result of eating too many calories. This is a common risk factor for heart disease and can also lead to problems in your pancreas and liver, such as fatty liver.
When you consume a diet high in saturated fat or sugar, your body stores these extra calories as triglycerides. They are separate from cholesterol, but they have similar effects on your health and can be an important part of your lipid profile.
Pakistan is no exception to this rule, putting its people at risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Fortunately, there are several ways to lower triglycerides, including lifestyle changes and medications.
To measure triglyceride levels, your doctor will need to take blood samples from a vein in your arm or leg. These samples will be sent to a laboratory for analysis, then returned to your doctor.
A lipid profile measures total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), HDL, and triglycerides. TC and HDL cholesterol can be measured in the non-fasting state, but most patients should have all of their lipids tested while fasting for maximum accuracy.
Triglycerides can be raised due to obesity, a poor diet, and a lack of exercise. Changing your lifestyle and using medications may help you lower your triglycerides, especially if you have metabolic syndrome or a family history of heart disease.
Statins
Statins are a great way to lower your cholesterol, especially LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol. These medications may also help lower triglycerides. Depending on your individual risk factors, you may want to speak with your doctor about which medicine is right for you.
Aside from lowering your cholesterol, statins may also improve heart health and possibly lower your risk of diabetes and certain cancers. The biggest drawback of these drugs is that they can cause side effects such as dry mouth, weight gain and muscle weakness. However, most patients can benefit from the medication if they take it at the recommended dosage and for the right length of time. The most effective treatment options are a combination of lifestyle changes and statins. The most important thing is to make sure you get regular checkups from your doctor to ensure you are on track with your goals.
Fish Oil
Fish oil is a type of fatty acid supplement that contains two omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid, or EPA and docosahexaenoic acid, or DHA). It may lower triglyceride levels in people with high triglyceride levels or low triglyceride levels. It also might increase HDL cholesterol in some people and decrease LDL cholesterol. However, it does not seem to work as well as other types of omega-3 fatty acid supplements to lower cholesterol or fat levels.
Taking fish oil seems to improve blood pressure in some people with mild to moderate high blood pressure. It might also help people with slightly high blood pressure to reduce their use of blood pressure-lowering medicines. It might also improve heart function in people with high blood pressure, clogged arteries, chest pain, heart failure, and high blood pressure after a heart transplant.
Fish oil might also reduce abnormal castrol ka desi ilaj in some people with HIV/AIDS. It also might help improve cold tolerance in some people with Raynaud's syndrome, a condition that causes swelling of the hands and feet. It might also reduce the long-term rise in blood pressure that happens after a kidney transplant. It might also help with miscarriage and infant growth in pregnant women with an autoimmune disease called antiphospholipid syndrome.
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